The term you want is "water column".
Controlling the blast is always a good idea, and there are a number of ways to do this. With a manual blower or bellows, it's easy: just vary the rate of cranking/pumping/whatever. With a motor-driven blower, you have a number of choices: change the speed of the motor by varying its power supply, changing the air input, blocking the air output, and diverting a portion of the air output. There are a number of electronic options for the first, but you have to get the right kind for your particular motor. For the second, you can put an adjustable plate over the air intake, but be careful: some motors require air flowing through them to keep them from overheating. The third can be accomplished by putting some kind of gate mechanism between the blower and the tuyere. For the fourth, you leave a gap between the blower and the tuyere and adjust the blast by changing how directly the blast goes into the tuyere. Make sense?