The arm shank started as 1" round. It stands about 8" tall.
Yes you can see weld marks! The cups are welds. I formed the cups with a tig welder by welding little rings with filler metal. Then I used little tools to sink depressions between the rings hot and chisel serrations.
I like the option on sculpture of adding material where I desire with a tig welder, then back into the forge and push the material around.
Another option I considered was to work down all the background material around the cups, but that just seemed inefficient.