Thanks for the discussion. It will likely help when i do build a forge which will be propane for sure. However, for this discussion, the purpose of this flame is just heat, and not a roaring jet type flame meant to heat metal. This is for where I work - a grey iron foundry. I forget what the gas pressure is, but it is plant supply, not regulated like it would be for a device.
Let me describe what I did today. It may or may not relate to some of the discussion, which are naturally geared to forge use.
To be clear - the picture I posted was NOT my actual burner. Only the style I built. Differences are - My orifice nipple is steel, not brass and 1/4", not 1/8. No flame stabilization nozzle flare.
1st thing I did was to replace the 1/4" nipple with one made from 1/8" pipe. I tapped my hole and installed a .030 welding tip. Well, actually 1/2 of the tip, as it was too long to install and rotate, so I cut it in half. I also used a 1/8" valve, rather than the 1/4".
This resulted in a smooth, stable flame, but I would like it to be a little more powerful giving me the option of more heat. The valve is wide open.
I was building two of these. So with the 1st one burning and in use - I turned my attention to the other. Wondering if the smaller nipple really made the difference, i kept the 1/4" nipple and valve, but tapped that hole for a mig tip also. This one I used a .045 tip - hoping to get more flame. I did not have another 3/4 x 6" nipple, so I used a 3/4" x 5".
Well, this one would not even light at all. I could hear more gas coming through the bigger tip, but the 1/4" pipe must block too much of the air. Strange, I thought, as previously I had a very strong flame from a .0625 hole and slightly longer nipple.
I had other stuff to do, so that is where I left it. Next, I will change it to the 1/8" pipe with the .045 nozzle and see how it performs with the shorter "nozzle".